{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:2021-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2021-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459273.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.6213,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.1449,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":187.5236,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5236},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":143.1449,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8116},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":98.7662},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459273.770833,"ahargana":1870808.2708,"kali_year":5122,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1486,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.51991399999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.82311400000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4959},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":33.234014,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.02051400000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":292.23741399999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":308.7115140000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":284.225314,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":55.5749,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":235.5749,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459273.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.6213,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.1449,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":187.5236,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5236},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":143.1449,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8116},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":98.7662},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.496,"elongation":172.476},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.496,"opposition_distance":7.524}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:56","sunsetLocal":"17:43","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":10.789061911546362,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 47 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 12 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:30","moonsetLocal":"07:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:22","end":"17:43","startHours":16.372615863930346,"endHours":17.72124860287364,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:20","end":"13:41","startHours":12.326717647100459,"endHours":13.675350386043753,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:01","end":"16:22","startHours":15.023983124987048,"endHours":16.372615863930346,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:27","end":"09:49","startHours":9.449634470688094,"endHours":9.80926986773964,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:23","end":"07:40","startHours":7.381730937641708,"endHours":7.669439255282945,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:41","startHours":11.967082250048913,"endHours":12.686353044152005,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:30","end":"06:13","startHours":5.4936451031210956,"endHours":6.212915897224186,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:02","end":"06:56","startHours":6.033098198698413,"endHours":6.932186691327277,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:51","startHours":14.124894632358185,"endHours":14.844165426461275,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:31","end":"17:55","startHours":17.52124860287364,"endHours":17.92124860287364,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:43","end":"18:10","startHours":17.72124860287364,"endHours":18.17079284918807,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:28","end":"19:13","startHours":17.47124860287364,"endHours":19.22124860287364,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:41","startHours":23.967082250048914,"endHours":24.686353044152003,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:56","end":"08:17","startHours":6.932186691327277,"endHours":8.280819430270572,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:17","end":"09:38","startHours":8.280819430270572,"endHours":9.629452169213867,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:38","end":"10:59","startHours":9.629452169213867,"endHours":10.978084908157163,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:59","end":"12:20","startHours":10.978084908157163,"endHours":12.326717647100459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:20","end":"13:41","startHours":12.326717647100459,"endHours":13.675350386043753,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:41","end":"15:01","startHours":13.675350386043753,"endHours":15.023983124987048,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:01","end":"16:22","startHours":15.023983124987048,"endHours":16.372615863930346,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:22","end":"17:43","startHours":16.372615863930346,"endHours":17.72124860287364,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:43","end":"19:22","startHours":17.72124860287364,"endHours":19.372615863930346,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:22","end":"21:01","startHours":19.372615863930346,"endHours":21.023983124987048,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:01","end":"22:41","startHours":21.023983124987048,"endHours":22.675350386043753,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:41","end":"00:20","startHours":22.675350386043753,"endHours":24.32671764710046,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:20","end":"01:59","startHours":24.32671764710046,"endHours":25.978084908157165,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:59","end":"03:38","startHours":25.978084908157165,"endHours":27.62945216921387,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:38","end":"05:17","startHours":27.62945216921387,"endHours":29.280819430270572,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:17","end":"06:56","startHours":29.280819430270572,"endHours":30.932186691327278,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.932186691327277,"endHours":7.932186691327277,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.932186691327277,"endHours":8.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.932186691327278,"endHours":9.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.932186691327278,"endHours":10.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.932186691327278,"endHours":11.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.932186691327278,"endHours":12.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.932186691327278,"endHours":13.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.932186691327278,"endHours":14.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.932186691327278,"endHours":15.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.932186691327278,"endHours":16.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.932186691327278,"endHours":17.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.932186691327278,"endHours":18.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.932186691327278,"endHours":19.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.932186691327278,"endHours":20.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.932186691327278,"endHours":21.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.932186691327278,"endHours":22.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.932186691327278,"endHours":23.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.932186691327278,"endHours":24.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.932186691327278,"endHours":25.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.932186691327278,"endHours":26.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.932186691327278,"endHours":27.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.932186691327278,"endHours":28.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.932186691327278,"endHours":29.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":29.932186691327278,"endHours":30.932186691327278,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-7.943269910912076,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":24.1486}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 2021 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 2021 CE for Berlin, Germany: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:56, sūryāsta 17:43.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2021-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2021-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2021-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2021-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2021-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T18:27:52.943Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T18:27:52.943Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-11T18:27:52.943Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}