{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:2023-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2023-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460095.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871630.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.0186,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.9238,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":128.9052,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9052},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":173.9238,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.5905},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":218.9424},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460095.770833,"ahargana":1871630.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.18,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.189408000000014,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.624508,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.3966},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":101.46850799999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":20.063607999999988,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":9.036407999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":90.15160800000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":312.851308,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":12.0213,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":192.0213,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460095.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871630.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.0186,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.9238,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":128.9052,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9052},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":173.9238,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.5905},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":218.9424},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.397,"elongation":128.905},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.397,"opposition_distance":51.095}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"03:51","sunsetLocal":"20:17","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":16.437705264240822,"dayLengthDisplay":"16 Hours 26 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"7 Hours 33 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:10","moonsetLocal":"02:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:04","end":"14:07","startHours":12.064673887364338,"endHours":14.11938704539444,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:54","end":"07:57","startHours":5.900534413274029,"endHours":7.955247571304132,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:01","end":"12:04","startHours":10.009960729334235,"endHours":12.064673887364338,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"07:41","end":"08:14","startHours":7.681285816900118,"endHours":8.229209325708146,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"04:32","end":"04:58","startHours":4.5307256412539605,"endHours":4.969064448300382,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:31","end":"12:37","startHours":11.51675037855631,"endHours":12.612597396172365,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"01:39","end":"02:45","startHours":1.6541272200118167,"endHours":2.7499742376278715,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"02:29","end":"03:51","startHours":2.4760124832238577,"endHours":3.8458212552439264,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:48","end":"15:54","startHours":14.804291431404476,"endHours":15.900138449020531,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"20:05","end":"20:29","startHours":20.08352651948475,"endHours":20.483526519484748,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"20:17","end":"20:58","startHours":20.28352651948475,"endHours":20.968430905494785,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"20:02","end":"21:47","startHours":20.03352651948475,"endHours":21.78352651948475,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:31","end":"00:37","startHours":23.51675037855631,"endHours":24.61259739617236,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"03:51","end":"05:54","startHours":3.8458212552439264,"endHours":5.900534413274029,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:54","end":"07:57","startHours":5.900534413274029,"endHours":7.955247571304132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:57","end":"10:01","startHours":7.955247571304132,"endHours":10.009960729334235,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:01","end":"12:04","startHours":10.009960729334235,"endHours":12.064673887364338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:04","end":"14:07","startHours":12.064673887364338,"endHours":14.11938704539444,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:07","end":"16:10","startHours":14.11938704539444,"endHours":16.174100203424544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:10","end":"18:14","startHours":16.174100203424544,"endHours":18.228813361454648,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:14","end":"20:17","startHours":18.228813361454648,"endHours":20.28352651948475,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:17","end":"21:14","startHours":20.28352651948475,"endHours":21.228813361454645,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:14","end":"22:10","startHours":21.228813361454645,"endHours":22.174100203424544,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:10","end":"23:07","startHours":22.174100203424544,"endHours":23.11938704539444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:07","end":"00:04","startHours":23.11938704539444,"endHours":24.064673887364336,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:04","end":"01:01","startHours":24.064673887364336,"endHours":25.009960729334235,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:01","end":"01:57","startHours":25.009960729334235,"endHours":25.95524757130413,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:57","end":"02:54","startHours":25.95524757130413,"endHours":26.90053441327403,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:54","end":"03:51","startHours":26.90053441327403,"endHours":27.845821255243926,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":3.8458212552439264,"endHours":4.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":4.845821255243926,"endHours":5.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":5.845821255243926,"endHours":6.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.845821255243926,"endHours":7.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.845821255243926,"endHours":8.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.845821255243926,"endHours":9.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.845821255243926,"endHours":10.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.845821255243926,"endHours":11.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.845821255243926,"endHours":12.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.845821255243926,"endHours":13.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.845821255243926,"endHours":14.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.845821255243926,"endHours":15.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.845821255243926,"endHours":16.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.845821255243926,"endHours":17.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.845821255243926,"endHours":18.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.845821255243926,"endHours":19.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.845821255243926,"endHours":20.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.845821255243926,"endHours":21.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.845821255243926,"endHours":22.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.845821255243926,"endHours":23.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.845821255243926,"endHours":24.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.845821255243926,"endHours":25.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.845821255243926,"endHours":26.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.845821255243926,"endHours":27.845821255243926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.852996511776546,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":24.18}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"nirjala-ekadashi","name":"Nirjalā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"निर्जला एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Strictest Ekādaśī (no water for 24 hours); Bhīma's vrata. Confers fruit of all 24 Ekādaśīs.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata, Anuśāsana Parva"]},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Nirjalā Ekādaśī · Ekādaśī is not live yet; Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 2023 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 2023 CE for Berlin, Germany: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 03:51, sūryāsta 20:17.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2023-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2023-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2023-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2023-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2023-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T12:11:46.278Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T12:11:46.278Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-11T12:11:46.278Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}