{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1993-03-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1993-03-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1993-03-28","date_display":"March 28, 1993 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449074.770833,"kali_year":5094,"ahargana":1860609.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.8028,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":39.8063,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":56.0035,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0035},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":39.8063,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1396},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":23.6091},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1993,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449074.770833,"ahargana":1860609.2708,"kali_year":5094,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7585,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.614491,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":36.33949100000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.2513},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":83.23189100000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":318.04299100000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":166.21399100000008,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":351.039691,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":302.3778910000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":235.967,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":55.967,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449074.770833,"kali_year":5094,"ahargana":1860609.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.8028,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":39.8063,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":56.0035,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0035},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":39.8063,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1396},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":23.6091},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.251,"elongation":56.003},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.251,"opposition_distance":123.997}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:51","sunsetLocal":"19:08","solarNoonLocal":"13:00","dayLengthHours":12.2798508298379,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 16 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 43 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:53","moonsetLocal":"23:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:36","end":"19:08","startHours":17.60070643462924,"endHours":19.13568778835898,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:00","end":"14:32","startHours":12.99576237344003,"endHours":14.530743727169767,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"16:04","end":"17:36","startHours":16.065725080899504,"endHours":17.60070643462924,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:08","startHours":9.721135485483256,"endHours":10.130463846477852,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:22","end":"07:42","startHours":7.367497409764325,"endHours":7.694960098560002,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:35","end":"13:24","startHours":12.586434012445432,"endHours":13.405090734434625,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:13","end":"06:02","startHours":5.218523514542693,"endHours":6.037180236531886,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:50","end":"06:51","startHours":5.832516056034588,"endHours":6.855836958521079,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:03","end":"15:52","startHours":15.042404178413012,"endHours":15.861060900402205,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:56","end":"19:20","startHours":18.93568778835898,"endHours":19.335687788358978,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:08","end":"19:39","startHours":19.13568778835898,"endHours":19.647348239602223,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:53","end":"20:38","startHours":18.88568778835898,"endHours":20.63568778835898,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:35","end":"01:24","startHours":24.586434012445434,"endHours":25.405090734434626,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:51","end":"08:23","startHours":6.855836958521079,"endHours":8.390818312250817,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:23","end":"09:56","startHours":8.390818312250817,"endHours":9.925799665980554,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:56","end":"11:28","startHours":9.925799665980554,"endHours":11.460781019710293,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:28","end":"13:00","startHours":11.460781019710293,"endHours":12.99576237344003,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:00","end":"14:32","startHours":12.99576237344003,"endHours":14.530743727169767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:32","end":"16:04","startHours":14.530743727169767,"endHours":16.065725080899504,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:04","end":"17:36","startHours":16.065725080899504,"endHours":17.60070643462924,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:36","end":"19:08","startHours":17.60070643462924,"endHours":19.13568778835898,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:08","end":"20:36","startHours":19.13568778835898,"endHours":20.60070643462924,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:36","end":"22:04","startHours":20.60070643462924,"endHours":22.065725080899504,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:04","end":"23:32","startHours":22.065725080899504,"endHours":23.530743727169767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:32","end":"01:00","startHours":23.530743727169767,"endHours":24.99576237344003,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:00","end":"02:28","startHours":24.99576237344003,"endHours":26.460781019710293,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:28","end":"03:56","startHours":26.460781019710293,"endHours":27.925799665980556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:56","end":"05:23","startHours":27.925799665980556,"endHours":29.390818312250815,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:23","end":"06:51","startHours":29.390818312250815,"endHours":30.85583695852108,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.855836958521079,"endHours":7.855836958521079,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.855836958521079,"endHours":8.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.85583695852108,"endHours":9.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.85583695852108,"endHours":10.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.85583695852108,"endHours":11.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.85583695852108,"endHours":12.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.85583695852108,"endHours":13.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.85583695852108,"endHours":14.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.85583695852108,"endHours":15.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.85583695852108,"endHours":16.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.85583695852108,"endHours":17.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.85583695852108,"endHours":18.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.85583695852108,"endHours":19.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.85583695852108,"endHours":20.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.85583695852108,"endHours":21.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.85583695852108,"endHours":22.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.85583695852108,"endHours":23.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.85583695852108,"endHours":24.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.85583695852108,"endHours":25.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.85583695852108,"endHours":26.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.85583695852108,"endHours":27.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":27.85583695852108,"endHours":28.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":28.85583695852108,"endHours":29.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":29.85583695852108,"endHours":30.85583695852108,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.925662471539666,"eotMinutes":-5.6201424064016345,"ayanamsa":23.7585}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2050,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vyaya","saka_samvat":1915,"saka_samvatsara":"Śrīmukha","bengali_samvat":1400,"malayalam_era":1169,"nanakshahi_year":524,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2050 Vyaya · Śaka 1915 Śrīmukha"},"festivals":[{"id":"ramanuja-jayanti","name":"Rāmānujācārya Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"रामानुजाचार्य जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rāmānujācārya (Viśiṣṭādvaita)","significance":"Birth of Rāmānujācārya; Viśiṣṭādvaita-pratiṣṭhāpaka. Caitra Śukla 5.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Rāmānujācārya Jayantī is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 28, 1993 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 28, 1993 CE for Dvārakā: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:51, sūryāsta 19:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1993-03-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1993-03-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1993-03-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1993-03-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1993-03-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T18:04:58.886Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T18:04:58.886Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-11T18:04:58.886Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}