{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:haridwar:1997-04-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/1997-04-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-04-24","date_display":"April 24, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450562.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862097.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.1917,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":204.4481,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.2564,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2564},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":204.4481,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.4481},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":214.6399},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450562.770833,"ahargana":1862097.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8154,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.091739000000018,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":203.933039,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3068},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":143.00363900000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":12.610238999999979,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":294.85813899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":15.678539,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":349.412739,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":157.1256,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":337.1256,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450562.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862097.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.1917,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":204.4481,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.2564,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2564},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":204.4481,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.4481},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":214.6399},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.307,"elongation":165.744},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.307,"opposition_distance":14.256}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"haridwar","name":"Haridwār","lat":29.9457,"lon":78.1642,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"haridwar","name":"Haridwār","lat":29.9457,"lon":78.1642,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:41","sunsetLocal":"18:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":13.137070396428081,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:49","moonsetLocal":"06:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:54","end":"15:33","startHours":13.901222652907293,"endHours":15.543356452460804,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:41","end":"07:20","startHours":5.690553655139743,"endHours":7.332687454693253,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:37","startHours":8.974821254246763,"endHours":10.616955053800273,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:45","end":"09:12","startHours":8.755870080972961,"endHours":9.193772427520564,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:14","end":"06:35","startHours":6.237931588324246,"endHours":6.588253465562328,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:49","end":"12:42","startHours":11.82118650680618,"endHours":12.696991199901385,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:56","end":"04:49","startHours":3.9389442689493324,"endHours":4.814748962044537,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:36","end":"05:41","startHours":4.595797788770736,"endHours":5.690553655139743,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:19","startHours":14.448600586091796,"endHours":15.324405279187001,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:38","end":"19:02","startHours":18.627624051567825,"endHours":19.027624051567823,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:50","end":"19:23","startHours":18.827624051567824,"endHours":19.375001984752327,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:35","end":"20:20","startHours":18.577624051567824,"endHours":20.327624051567824,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:49","end":"00:42","startHours":23.82118650680618,"endHours":24.696991199901383,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:41","end":"07:20","startHours":5.690553655139743,"endHours":7.332687454693253,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:20","end":"08:58","startHours":7.332687454693253,"endHours":8.974821254246763,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:58","end":"10:37","startHours":8.974821254246763,"endHours":10.616955053800273,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:37","end":"12:16","startHours":10.616955053800273,"endHours":12.259088853353784,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:16","end":"13:54","startHours":12.259088853353784,"endHours":13.901222652907293,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:54","end":"15:33","startHours":13.901222652907293,"endHours":15.543356452460804,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:33","end":"17:11","startHours":15.543356452460804,"endHours":17.18549025201431,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:11","end":"18:50","startHours":17.18549025201431,"endHours":18.827624051567824,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:50","end":"20:11","startHours":18.827624051567824,"endHours":20.185490252014315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:11","end":"21:33","startHours":20.185490252014315,"endHours":21.543356452460802,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:33","end":"22:54","startHours":21.543356452460802,"endHours":22.901222652907293,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:54","end":"00:16","startHours":22.901222652907293,"endHours":24.259088853353784,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:16","end":"01:37","startHours":24.259088853353784,"endHours":25.616955053800275,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:37","end":"02:58","startHours":25.616955053800275,"endHours":26.974821254246763,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:58","end":"04:20","startHours":26.974821254246763,"endHours":28.332687454693254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:20","end":"05:41","startHours":28.332687454693254,"endHours":29.690553655139745,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":5.690553655139743,"endHours":6.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.690553655139743,"endHours":7.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.690553655139743,"endHours":8.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.690553655139743,"endHours":9.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.690553655139743,"endHours":10.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.690553655139743,"endHours":11.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.690553655139743,"endHours":12.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.690553655139743,"endHours":13.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.690553655139743,"endHours":14.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.690553655139743,"endHours":15.690553655139743,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.690553655139743,"endHours":16.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.690553655139745,"endHours":17.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.690553655139745,"endHours":18.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.690553655139745,"endHours":19.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.690553655139745,"endHours":20.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.690553655139745,"endHours":21.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.690553655139745,"endHours":22.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.690553655139745,"endHours":23.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.690553655139745,"endHours":24.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.690553655139745,"endHours":25.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.690553655139745,"endHours":26.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.690553655139745,"endHours":27.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.690553655139745,"endHours":28.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.690553655139745,"endHours":29.690553655139745,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":12.819153303691772,"eotMinutes":1.7978687987730522,"ayanamsa":23.8154}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"haridwar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 24, 1997 CE · Haridwār · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 24, 1997 CE for Haridwār: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:41, sūryāsta 18:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/1997-04-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/1997-04-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/1997-04-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/1997-04-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/1997-04-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T19:44:31.692Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T19:44:31.692Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-11T19:44:31.692Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}