{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2025-03-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-03-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-03-08","date_display":"March 8, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460742.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872277.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.6237,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":68.4247,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":104.801,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.801},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":68.4247,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.758},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":32.0484},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460742.770833,"ahargana":1872277.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2048,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.51348800000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":70.474288,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4997},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":83.27248800000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":341.347788,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":48.646788000000015,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":345.602888,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":327.448388,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":337.7402,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":157.7402,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460742.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872277.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.6237,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":68.4247,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":104.801,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.801},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":68.4247,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.758},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":32.0484},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.5,"elongation":104.801},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.5,"opposition_distance":75.199}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":6,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.722,"opposition_distance":1.445}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:53","sunsetLocal":"17:44","solarNoonLocal":"11:48","dayLengthHours":11.850764686471418,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 51 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 08 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:12","moonsetLocal":"01:41","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:51","end":"10:20","startHours":8.845229085306825,"endHours":10.32657467111575,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:17","end":"14:46","startHours":13.289265842733606,"endHours":14.770611428542534,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:53","end":"07:22","startHours":5.88253791368897,"endHours":7.363883499497897,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:39","end":"09:03","startHours":8.647716340532302,"endHours":9.042741830081347,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:23","end":"06:42","startHours":6.376319775625279,"endHours":6.692340167264517,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:25","end":"12:12","startHours":11.412894767375633,"endHours":12.202945746473727,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:18","end":"05:06","startHours":4.302435955492781,"endHours":5.092486934590875,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:53","startHours":4.8949741898163515,"endHours":5.88253791368897,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:47","end":"14:34","startHours":13.783047704669915,"endHours":14.57309868376801,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:32","end":"17:56","startHours":17.53330260016039,"endHours":17.93330260016039,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:44","end":"18:14","startHours":17.73330260016039,"endHours":18.2270844620967,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:29","end":"19:14","startHours":17.48330260016039,"endHours":19.23330260016039,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:25","end":"00:12","startHours":23.412894767375633,"endHours":24.20294574647373,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:53","end":"07:22","startHours":5.88253791368897,"endHours":7.363883499497897,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:22","end":"08:51","startHours":7.363883499497897,"endHours":8.845229085306825,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:51","end":"10:20","startHours":8.845229085306825,"endHours":10.32657467111575,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:20","end":"11:48","startHours":10.32657467111575,"endHours":11.807920256924678,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:48","end":"13:17","startHours":11.807920256924678,"endHours":13.289265842733606,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:17","end":"14:46","startHours":13.289265842733606,"endHours":14.770611428542534,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:46","end":"16:15","startHours":14.770611428542534,"endHours":16.25195701435146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:15","end":"17:44","startHours":16.25195701435146,"endHours":17.73330260016039,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:44","end":"19:15","startHours":17.73330260016039,"endHours":19.25195701435146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:15","end":"20:46","startHours":19.25195701435146,"endHours":20.770611428542534,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:46","end":"22:17","startHours":20.770611428542534,"endHours":22.289265842733606,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:17","end":"23:48","startHours":22.289265842733606,"endHours":23.80792025692468,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:48","end":"01:20","startHours":23.80792025692468,"endHours":25.32657467111575,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:20","end":"02:51","startHours":25.32657467111575,"endHours":26.845229085306826,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:51","end":"04:22","startHours":26.845229085306826,"endHours":28.3638834994979,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:22","end":"05:53","startHours":28.3638834994979,"endHours":29.88253791368897,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:53","end":"06:53","startHours":5.88253791368897,"endHours":6.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:53","end":"07:53","startHours":6.88253791368897,"endHours":7.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:53","end":"08:53","startHours":7.88253791368897,"endHours":8.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:53","end":"09:53","startHours":8.88253791368897,"endHours":9.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:53","end":"10:53","startHours":9.88253791368897,"endHours":10.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:53","end":"11:53","startHours":10.88253791368897,"endHours":11.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:53","end":"12:53","startHours":11.88253791368897,"endHours":12.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:53","end":"13:53","startHours":12.88253791368897,"endHours":13.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:53","end":"14:53","startHours":13.88253791368897,"endHours":14.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:53","end":"15:53","startHours":14.88253791368897,"endHours":15.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:53","end":"16:53","startHours":15.88253791368897,"endHours":16.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:53","end":"17:53","startHours":16.88253791368897,"endHours":17.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:53","end":"18:53","startHours":17.88253791368897,"endHours":18.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:53","end":"19:53","startHours":18.88253791368897,"endHours":19.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:53","end":"20:53","startHours":19.88253791368897,"endHours":20.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:53","end":"21:53","startHours":20.88253791368897,"endHours":21.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:53","end":"22:53","startHours":21.88253791368897,"endHours":22.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:53","end":"23:53","startHours":22.88253791368897,"endHours":23.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:53","end":"00:53","startHours":23.88253791368897,"endHours":24.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:53","end":"01:53","startHours":24.88253791368897,"endHours":25.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:53","end":"02:53","startHours":25.88253791368897,"endHours":26.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:53","end":"03:53","startHours":26.88253791368897,"endHours":27.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:53","end":"04:53","startHours":27.88253791368897,"endHours":28.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:53","end":"05:53","startHours":28.88253791368897,"endHours":29.88253791368897,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-4.853314611917543,"eotMinutes":-11.52961541548083,"ayanamsa":24.2048}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 8, 2025 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 8, 2025 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 05:53, sūryāsta 17:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-03-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-03-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-03-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-03-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-03-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T01:01:14.636Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T01:01:14.636Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-12T01:01:14.636Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}