{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2028-12-02:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-12-02","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-12-02","date_display":"December 2, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462107.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873642.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":225.5597,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":44.5103,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":178.9506,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9506},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":44.5103,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5103},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.07},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462107.770833,"ahargana":1873642.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.257,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":226.12143500000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":45.811035000000004,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.9449},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":146.29333499999996,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":232.354335,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":176.238335,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":199.01453500000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":11.17483500000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.4159,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.4159,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462107.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873642.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":225.5597,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":44.5103,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":178.9506,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9506},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":44.5103,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5103},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.07},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.945,"elongation":178.951},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.945,"opposition_distance":1.049}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:04","sunsetLocal":"19:10","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":14.0923900373338,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 05 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 54 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:01","moonsetLocal":"05:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:35","end":"10:21","startHours":8.590385452714479,"endHours":10.351934207381206,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:53","end":"15:38","startHours":13.875031716714656,"endHours":15.636580471381379,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:04","end":"06:50","startHours":5.06728794338103,"endHours":6.828836698047755,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:21","end":"08:50","startHours":8.355512285425583,"endHours":8.825258620003376,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:39","end":"06:02","startHours":5.654470861603271,"endHours":6.030267929265506,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:39","end":"12:35","startHours":11.643736627470135,"endHours":12.583229296625722,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:11","end":"04:08","startHours":3.188302605069856,"endHours":4.127795274225443,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:54","end":"05:04","startHours":3.8929221069365463,"endHours":5.06728794338103,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:24","startHours":14.462214634936895,"endHours":15.401707304092483,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:58","end":"19:22","startHours":18.95967798071483,"endHours":19.359677980714828,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:10","end":"19:45","startHours":19.15967798071483,"endHours":19.746860898937072,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:55","end":"20:40","startHours":18.90967798071483,"endHours":20.65967798071483,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:39","end":"00:35","startHours":23.643736627470137,"endHours":24.58322929662572,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:04","end":"06:50","startHours":5.06728794338103,"endHours":6.828836698047755,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:50","end":"08:35","startHours":6.828836698047755,"endHours":8.590385452714479,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:35","end":"10:21","startHours":8.590385452714479,"endHours":10.351934207381206,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:21","end":"12:07","startHours":10.351934207381206,"endHours":12.113482962047929,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:07","end":"13:53","startHours":12.113482962047929,"endHours":13.875031716714656,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:53","end":"15:38","startHours":13.875031716714656,"endHours":15.636580471381379,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:38","end":"17:24","startHours":15.636580471381379,"endHours":17.398129226048106,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:24","end":"19:10","startHours":17.398129226048106,"endHours":19.15967798071483,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:10","end":"20:24","startHours":19.15967798071483,"endHours":20.398129226048106,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:24","end":"21:38","startHours":20.398129226048106,"endHours":21.63658047138138,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:38","end":"22:53","startHours":21.63658047138138,"endHours":22.875031716714652,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:53","end":"00:07","startHours":22.875031716714652,"endHours":24.11348296204793,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:07","end":"01:21","startHours":24.11348296204793,"endHours":25.351934207381206,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:21","end":"02:35","startHours":25.351934207381206,"endHours":26.59038545271448,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:35","end":"03:50","startHours":26.59038545271448,"endHours":27.828836698047752,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:50","end":"05:04","startHours":27.828836698047752,"endHours":29.06728794338103,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":5.06728794338103,"endHours":6.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":6.06728794338103,"endHours":7.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.06728794338103,"endHours":8.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.067287943381029,"endHours":9.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.067287943381029,"endHours":10.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.067287943381029,"endHours":11.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.067287943381029,"endHours":12.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.067287943381029,"endHours":13.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.067287943381029,"endHours":14.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.067287943381029,"endHours":15.067287943381029,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.067287943381029,"endHours":16.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.06728794338103,"endHours":17.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.06728794338103,"endHours":18.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.06728794338103,"endHours":19.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.06728794338103,"endHours":20.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.06728794338103,"endHours":21.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.06728794338103,"endHours":22.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.06728794338103,"endHours":23.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.06728794338103,"endHours":24.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.06728794338103,"endHours":25.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.06728794338103,"endHours":26.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.06728794338103,"endHours":27.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.06728794338103,"endHours":28.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.06728794338103,"endHours":29.06728794338103,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.001853423072536,"eotMinutes":9.74902227712421,"ayanamsa":24.257}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"kartik-purnima","name":"Kārtika Pūrṇimā / Tripurī Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"कार्तिक पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Kārtika full-moon observance associated with Śiva’s destruction of Tripurāsura; no exact Mahābhārata war date is asserted here.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Kārtika Pūrṇimā / Tripurī Pūrṇimā is not live yet; Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 2, 2028 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 2, 2028 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:04, sūryāsta 19:10.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-12-02","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-12-02","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-12-02","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-12-02","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-12-02"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T05:15:14.651Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T05:15:14.651Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-12T05:15:14.651Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}